Trump defiant after criticism of steel and aluminum tariffs

President Donald Trump is facing global criticism of his plan announced Thursday, to impose tariffs on imports of steel and aluminum.

The European Union pledged firm counter-measures, China urged Trump to show restraint and Canada, the biggest supplier of steel and aluminum to the United States, said it would retaliate if it is hit by US duties.

Trump said on Thursday that tariffs of 25 percent on steel imports and 10 percent on aluminum, designed to safeguard American jobs in the face of cheaper foreign products, would be formally announced next week.

"When a country (USA) is losing many billions of dollars on trade with virtually every country it does business with, trade wars are good, and easy to win," Trump tweeted on Friday.

"Example, when we are down $100 billion with a certain country and they get cute, don't trade anymore-we win big. It's easy!" the Trump wrote.

The European Commission, the EU executive, called the tariffs a blatant intervention that amounted to protectionism.

While promising to act "firmly," the European Union, which sees itself as a global counterweight to a protectionist-leaning Trump, made no mention of retaliation but spoke of counter-measures that confirm with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules.

"We see international trade relations as a win-win situation," a European Commission spokesman said.

"We don't see this as a situation where, like in a zero-sum game, one party loses because another party wins. Trade is beneficial for everyone. It needs to take place on the basis of rules and these rules are in place."

Safeguard measures, last deployed by Europe in 2002 after then US President George W. Bush imposed steel import duties, would be designed to guard against steel and aluminum being diverted to Europe from elsewhere if US tariffs come in.

But to conform with WTO rules such measures would have to apply to imports from all countries and could also hit producers from China, India, Russia, South Korea to Turkey.

Stock markets tumble

Fears of retaliation from Canada, China and Europe sent world stocks tumbling and drove investors toward the traditional safe plays of government bonds and the Japanese yen. Europe's STOXX 600 index fell 1.5 percent, following declines on Wall Street and in Asian markets.

"It is a real worry because Europe is an open global economy so it isn't just about US versus China," said Ian Ormiston, European equity fund manager at Old Mutual Global Investors. "And we will see retaliation there are no two ways about it."

Steel has become a key focus for Trump, who pledged to restore the US industry and punish what he sees as unfair trade practices, particularly by China.

Although China accounts for only 2 percent of US steel imports, its massive industry expansion has helped produce a global steel glut that has driven down prices.

"China urges the United States to show restraint in using protective trade measures, respect multilateral trade rules, and make a positive contribution to international trade order," said Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying.

Asian steelmakers also worry that US tariffs could result in their domestic markets being flooded with steel products that have nowhere else to go.     

South Korea, the third-largest steel exporter to the United States after Canada and Brazil, said it would keep talking to US officials until Washington's plans are finalized.

ArcelorMittal, the world's biggest steelmaker with sizeable European and US operations, said it was assessing the likely impact, although it said governments were right to take a tough approach to unfair trade.

By Philip Blenkinsop and Christian Shepherd/Reuters

Additional reporting by Jane Chung in Seoul and Tom Westbrook in Sydney, Kaori Kaneko in Tokyo, Tom Daly in Beijing, Minami Funakoshi, Chang-Ran Kim and Yuka Obayashi in Tokyo, Chayut Setboonsarng in Bangkok and Neha Dasgupta in New Delhi, Ceyda Caglayan in Instanbul, Robert-Jan Bartunek in Brussels, Sujata Rao-Coverley in London and Polina Devitt in Moscow; Writing by David Clarke, Editing by Timothy Heritage.