In the early 1900s, Brighton, England, was full of electric trams. But at the start of World War II, they were scrapped for the war effort. All of the trams were lost — or so historians thought. Then in 2009, one was discovered on a pig farm, and a team of locals have been working ever since to restore the tram to its original glory. Now, the group behind the restoration is hoping to get it running on tracks again, soon.
Despite a population of 37 million, there’s relatively little congestion and pollution here since the majority of its residents rely on public transit rather than cars. But while Tokyo’s mass transportation system may serve as a global success story, it may not be replicable, because its organic growth over the decades has fostered a unique culture of transit.
Japan experiences more earthquakes than any country. But its transit system remains remarkably safe. The bullet train, for example, has never seen a death or serious injury due to an earthquake or tsunami. Japan may offer lessons to other countries as climate change causes more natural disasters globally.
Cities around the globe are looking for ways to improve bike infrastructure, with varying degrees of success. But Toronto is moving in the opposite direction: the government of Ontario has passed legislation allowing the removal of bike lanes in the city, resulting in a showdown between officials and bicycle advocates.
Transit in most global cities is government-run. But in Japan, that’s not the case. There, private companies run a sprawling network of trains, subways and buses, often considered the best in the world. What can other countries learn from Japan’s unique system?