Birdnote /Migration Long, Short and In-Between

CURWOOD: It's Living on Earth, I'm Steve Curwood. [BIRD NOTE THEME] Arctic Terns fly south from Alaska to Antarctica. (Photo: Tom Grey) CURWOOD: It's just past the autumnal equinox, and now the days are shorter than the nights and the infallible signs of approaching winter are all around us. Still, this season does offers the joys of fall – here in the north, the harvest, the turning leaves and the departing birds. Here's Mary McCann with our BirdNote. MCCANN: In September, Arctic Terns fly south over the ocean, from Alaska all the way to Antarctica. [ARCTIC TERNS GRUFF CALLS] MCCANN: Also in September, the last Rufous Hummingbirds depart their breeding range in the West, following floral highways of mountain wildflowers south to Mexico. [MALE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD WING-WHISTLE] MCCANN: Ruby-crowned Kinglets are leaving the northern evergreen forests where they nest, on their way to milder climates. [RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET SONG] MCCANN: Each of these birds is migrating, but on a very different course. All have the same adaptive goal making the most of food and breeding opportunities that change with the seasons. Arctic Terns follow one of the longest annual migrations, traveling as much as 44,000 miles each year. Arctic tundra provides their ideal nesting site in summer, the Antarctic, the ideal feeding grounds in our winter. [ARCTIC TERNS GRUFF CALLS] The Rufous Hummingbird follows the wildflowers on its way south.(Photo: Tom Grey ) MCCANN: Rufous Hummingbirds are medium-range migrants, traversing about 5,000 miles a year between temperate and tropical nectar sources. [MALE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD WING-WHISTLE] MCCANN: Some Ruby-crowned Kinglets are altitudinal migrants, especially in the West. They may remain close to the same latitude all year, but spend the cold months in the relative warmth of the lowlands dining on insects and their eggs. In summer, youll need to ascend thousands of feet into the western mountain ranges to hear the kinglets exuberant song. Im Mary McCann [RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET SONG] CURWOOD: To find some photos, migrate over to our website LOE.org.