In the kitchen at Deering High School in Portland, Maine, Khadija Ahmed showed half a dozen food service workers how to cook a meal not often found in statewide school menus: chicken and kale stew, a common dish in northern African countries.
“This is the spice for the chicken, and you’re making the other spice for the greens, right?” Ahmed said to one of the cafeteria workers. “So, give me more for the chicken than for the kale. Don’t be stingy!”
Ahmed, who is from the Democratic Republic of Congo, works at Good Shepherd Food Bank and runs an African grocery delivery business.
She also created the recipes for this districtwide effort to broaden meal options at high school cafeterias. She said they’re based on dishes that she makes for her own children — a mix of African and American flavors and ingredients.
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Every day, millions of students in the US eat free or low-cost meals offered under the National School Lunch Program. The offerings have to meet minimum nutritional guidelines, but they often lack a certain imagination. In some districts, however — including the public school system in Portland — that’s starting to change.
Maine might seem like an unlikely place to test run school lunches based on regional African cuisines. After all, it’s still the whitest state in the country, according to the 2020 Census. But Portland, the state’s largest city, is home to a growing number of immigrants from Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi and Rwanda. Students there speak more than 50 languages.
“The reason we wanted to kind of start this project was just looking at the school itself and how diverse it is. But also looking at the school meal and not seeing much diversity in it,” said Mercia Ckaba Thomas, with Cultivating Community, a local food and agriculture nonprofit that came up with the idea for this project.
Thomas was born in Gabon, but she went to school in Portland and remembered eating a lot of hot dogs and breaded fish.
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This semester, the district gave high school students the chance to taste test three new dishes: kidney beans with spiced beef and cabbage slaw, chickpeas and chicken over yellow rice, and chicken and kale stew.
Getting more students to participate in school meals depends, in part, on drumming up support at districtwide taste-testing days, like the one held recently at Portland High School.
Rosa Pedro, who is from Angola, is a freshman at the school. She said she’s eaten her share of french fries and pizza. So, she’s happy to give the chicken and kale stew a try.
“I love it,” Pedro said. “Just needs a little more salt and stuff like that, but I love it.”
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Lily Chaleff, the schools and youth program manager at Cultivating Community, said diversifying school meal options is about more than just representation.
“School meals, including both breakfast and lunch, are a huge [part] of food security,” she said.
Chaleff led this project — and said that one of the goals was to reduce the stigma associated with school meals by providing options that everyone can get excited about.
“We really want students to be enjoying that and choosing to take it and getting a delicious and well-rounded meal that meets everyone’s nutritional needs.”
“So, we really want students to be enjoying that and choosing to take it and getting a delicious and well-rounded meal that meets everyone’s nutritional needs,” she said.
Chaleff is also hoping the district can begin incorporating halal meat —which is prepared according to Islamic dietary laws — into its dishes. She said that this will help ensure that Muslim students have the same access to school nutrition programs.
“Because I know that’s still a barrier for students to feel like they can participate in school lunch,” she said.
After the most recent taste test event, 85% of students who tried the chicken and kale stew gave it a positive review. But Chaleff noted that many high schoolers chose not to try the dish at all.
They will have plenty of opportunities, though, to sample new meals next fall. Based on the positive feedback from this semester, Portland Public Schools will soon be serving up jollof rice, spiced beef, cornmeal porridge and other African-inspired dishes.
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Ahmed said that she hopes the recipes she’s created can be a sign of welcome for new immigrants arriving in the district.
“So, we welcome you. Guess what? We know what you like,” Ahmed said.
Starting school in a new country, in a new language, is hard enough, she said — maybe lunch, at least, can offer a taste of something familiar.